Enthalpy is the measurement of the energy of some chemical reactions in a thermodynamic system. The quantity of enthalpy equals to the total content of the heat in a system. It is also equivalent to the sum total of the system’s internal energy product of volume and pressure. Enthalpy describes the internal energy needed to generate a system. This article will help students to understand the enthalpy and enthalpy formula with examples. Let us learn it!
While dealing with some chemical reactions, the knowledge of enthalpy
and standard enthalpy both are important. The total internal energy of
a system is not possible to calculate. But the changes involved in
heat transfer will be calculated. Therefore the enthalpy of a reaction
is noted as
When a process begins at some constant pressure, then heat will be evolved, either absorbed or released and it equals the change in enthalpy. Therefore Enthalpy change is the sum of internal energy denoted by E and product of volume and Pressure, denoted by P × V.
H = E+PV
Enthalpy is also described as the state function which is based on the
state functions P, T and E. It is shown as the change in enthalpy
A relationship between q and
We may calculate it in many ways:
Method-1: If the work done by or on a system is zero, the volume of the container does not change. The change in enthalpy will be equal to the heat transfer (q), where
q =
In this equation m is the mass, s is the specific heat, and Δ T is the change in temperature.
Method-2: If the reaction is already known, then a table of heat
change values
Thus
Method-3: Hess’s Law is useful here to calculate the enthalpy of a reaction.
Method-4: The
Q.1: Calculate the heat of the following reaction using the table of values.
Substance |
|
C | 0 |
|
0 |
|
-393.5 |
Solution: The
Therefore,