i) Concentration of reactants, or pressure for gases- As there are more particles in a certain volume, they collide more often so there is a greater chance of successful collisions …
When approaching a question like this, it’s important to identify the two compounds that we are dealing with first. Sodium is an alkali metal, and therefore the metallic structure that …
It's B. Chlorobutane
In explaining this answer, I'd test the students knowledge of what a homologous series is. And then we'd draw out the alternative answers and I'd ask the …
Collide, in the right orientation, with sufficient energy (more than the activation energy barrier)
Let’s look closer at the sodium atom. Really close, so we could see. Atom is a neutral species, with 11 protons in the nucleus. We can find that information in …
The rate of chemical reactions depends on the temperature, concentration of the reactants, size of the particles reacting and whether there are any catalysts present.
When the temperature is increased, …
The atomic radius across a period in the periodic table tends to decrease from left to right. As you move across a period the number of electrons from one element …
All 3 compounds are basic structures in Organic Chemistry, more precise: Aromatic Chemistry, as all of them have a benzene ring (having a benzene in compound is definition of Aromatic …
Firstly you must recognize that the reaction that is referred to is the one where nitrogen combines with hydrogen to produce ammonia: N2 + 3H2 --> 2NH3. When talking about …
CFH3 has a tetrahedral structure. It has a dipole pointing from the carbon to the fluorine because the fluorine is more electronegative than carbon. Fluorine is also much more electronegative …
Successive ionization energies increase because for the same nuclear charge (positive pull of the nucleus) there are fewer electrons each time one is removed, thus more energy is required to …
The ideal gas law is PV=nRT, and we know that we can achieve the molar mass through the relationship of; n=m/mr. When using the ideal gas law it is essential …
PH3 is not hydrogen bonded whereas NH3 is hydrogen bonded. Hydrogen bonding is the strongest type of covalent bonding.
Sigma bonds form as a result of end on overlap of orbitals (pp, ss or sp) along the axis between two atoms' nuclei. Pi bonds form because of parallel overlap …
By the VSEPR (Valence shell electron pairs repulsions) theory, even though there are four electron pairs on C and N, the presence of a lone pair of electrons on N …
The acidity of a compound is measured by its pKa, which is defined as: pKa=-log([H+]) ([H+] is the concentration of H+ in solution). As [H …
A chiral carbon is a carbon atom that is attached to 4 different types of atoms or groups of atoms.
Background knowledge Boiling point reflects the strength of intermolecular forces. The more attracted molecules are to each other, the more energy is needed to separate them and turn them into …
[Throughout the question, references will be made to a diagram which shows the mechanism of the reaction] In organic addition reactions like the one described in the question, an unstable …